Mavuto azachilengedwe obwera chifukwa cha kutaya zinyalala kwa mapulasitiki akhala akuchulukirachulukira, ndipo akhala nkhani yodetsa nkhawa padziko lonse lapansi. Poyerekeza ndi mapulasitiki wamba, mbali yaikulu ya mapulasitiki biodegradable ndi kuti akhoza mofulumira kuonongeka mu chilengedwe madzi opanda vuto lililonse ndi mpweya woipa pansi pa chilengedwe chilengedwe mikhalidwe kapena composting mikhalidwe, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati disposable pulasitiki m'malo zipangizo sanali recyclable ndi kuipitsa sachedwa. zopangidwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera chilengedwe komanso kukonza moyo wabwino.
Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri pamsika zimasindikizidwa kapena zolembedwa kuti "zowonongeka", "zowonongeka", ndipo lero tikutengerani kuti mumvetsetse zolemba ndi ziphaso zamapulasitiki owonongeka.
Industrial Composting
1.Japan BioPlastics Association
Bungwe lakale la Biodegradable Plastics Society, Japan (BPS) lasintha dzina kukhala Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) pa 15th June 2007. Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) inakhazikitsidwa mu 1989 Japan monga dzina la Biodegradable Plastics Society, Japan (BPS). Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, ndi makampani oposa 200 omwe ali ndi mamembala, JBPA yakhala ikuyesetsa kulimbikitsa kuzindikirika ndi chitukuko cha bizinesi ya "Biodegradable Plastics" ndi "Biomas-based Plastics" ku Japan. JBPA imasunga mgwirizano wapakati ndi US (BPI), EU (European Bioplastics), China (BMG) ndi Korea ndipo ikupitiriza kukambirana nawo za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zaumisiri, monga njira ya Analytical yowunika kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe, mawonekedwe azinthu, kuzindikira. ndi makina olembera ndi zina. Tikuganiza kuti kuyankhulana kwapafupi mkati mwa dera la Asia n'kofunika kwambiri makamaka kukhudzana ndi ntchito zachitukuko zofulumira m'maderawa.
2.Biodegradable Product Institute
BPI ndiye otsogola pazogulitsa ndi zonyamula compostable ku North America. Zogulitsa zonse zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi BPI zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya ASTM ya compostability, zimatengera kuyenerera kulumikizidwa ndi zotsalira zazakudya ndi zokonza pabwalo, zimakwaniritsa malire a fluorine (PFAS), ndipo ziyenera kuwonetsa Chizindikiro cha BPI Certification. Dongosolo la certification la BPI limagwira ntchito molumikizana ndi maphunziro ndi zoyeserera zokonzedwa kuti zithandizire kuti zotsalira zazakudya ndi zamoyo zina zisamatayike.
BPI imapangidwa ngati bungwe lopanda phindu, lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi Board of Directors, ndipo limayendetsedwa ndi antchito odzipereka omwe amagwira ntchito m'maofesi akunyumba ku United States.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIN ndi bungwe lovomerezeka ndi boma la Germany Federal Government ndipo likuyimira Germany m'mabungwe omwe si aboma m'chigawo ndi mayiko ena omwe amapanga ndi kufalitsa mfundo za Germany ndi zotsatira zina zovomerezeka ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito. Miyezo yopangidwa ndi DIN imakhudza pafupifupi gawo lililonse monga zomangamanga, migodi, zitsulo, makampani opanga mankhwala, zomangamanga zamagetsi, teknoloji ya chitetezo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, thanzi, chitetezo cha moto, mayendedwe, kusunga nyumba ndi zina zotero. Pofika kumapeto kwa 1998, miyezo 25,000 idapangidwa ndikuperekedwa, ndipo miyezo pafupifupi 1,500 idapangidwa chaka chilichonse. Opitilira 80% aiwo adalandiridwa ndi mayiko aku Europe.
DIN inalowa mu International Organization for Standardization mu 1951. Bungwe la Germany Electrotechnical Commission (DKE), lopangidwa pamodzi ndi DIN ndi German Institute of Electrical Engineers (VDE), likuimira Germany ku International Electrotechnical Commission. DIN ndi European Committee for Standardization ndi European Electrical Standard.
4. European Bioplastics
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) ndi European Bioplastics (EUBP) akhazikitsa dongosolo la certification la zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zimadziwika kuti Seedling logo certification. Chitsimikizocho chimachokera pamiyezo ya EN 13432 ndi ASTM D6400 yazinthu monga zopangira, zowonjezera ndi zapakatikati polembetsa kuwunika, ndi zinthu kudzera pa satifiketi. Zida ndi zinthu zomwe zidalembetsedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa zitha kulandira ziphaso.
5. Bungwe la Australasian Bioplastics Association
ABA idadzipereka kulimbikitsa mapulasitiki omwe ndi compostable komanso kutengera zinthu zomwe zingangowonjezedwanso.
ABA imayang'anira chitsimikiziro chodzifunira, chamakampani kapena anthu omwe akufuna kuti zonena zawo zitsatidwe ndi Australian Standard 4736-2006, mapulasitiki osawonongeka - "Mapulasitiki owonongeka oyenera kupanga kompositi ndi mankhwala ena ang'onoang'ono" (Australian Standard AS 4736-2006) atsimikizidwe. .
ABA yakhazikitsa ndondomeko yake yotsimikizira makampani omwe akufuna kutsimikizira kuti akutsatiridwa ndi Home Composting Australian Standard, AS 5810-2010, "Mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi biodegradable oyenera kupanga kompositi kunyumba" (Australian Standard AS 5810-2010).
Bungweli limagwira ntchito ngati njira yolumikizirana ndi atolankhani, boma, mabungwe azachilengedwe komanso anthu, pankhani zokhudzana ndi bioplastics.
The OK Compost INDUSTRIAL ndi yoyenera pazachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga malo akuluakulu opangira manyowa. Chizindikirocho chimafuna kuti zinthu ziwole osachepera 90 peresenti mkati mwa milungu 12 pansi pamikhalidwe ya kompositi yamakampani.
Zindikirani kuti ngakhale zilembo za OK Compost HOME ndi OK Compost INDUSTRIAL zizindikiro zonse zikuwonetsa kuti chinthucho ndi chowola, kuchuluka kwake kwakugwiritsa ntchito ndi zofunikira zake ndizosiyana, motero mankhwalawo asankhe chilembo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zosowa za chiphaso. . Kuphatikiza apo, m'pofunika kutchula kuti zizindikiro ziwirizi ndi chiphaso chokhacho cha ntchito yowonongeka kwa chinthucho, ndipo sichiyimira kutuluka kwa zinthu zowononga kapena zochitika zina za chilengedwe, choncho m'pofunikanso kuganizira za chilengedwe chonse. zotsatira za mankhwala ndi wololera mankhwala.
Kompositi Kunyumba
1.TUV AUSTRIA OK Kompositi
The OK Compost HOME ndi yoyenera kupangira zinthu zowonongeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, monga zodula zotayira, matumba otaya zinyalala, ndi zina zotero. Zolembazo zimafuna kuti mankhwala awole osachepera 90 peresenti mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pansi pamikhalidwe ya kompositi kunyumba.
2. Bungwe la Australasian Bioplastics Association
Ngati pulasitiki yalembedwa kuti Home Compostable, imatha kulowa mu nkhokwe ya kompositi.
Zogulitsa, matumba ndi zopaka zomwe zimagwirizana ndi Home Composting Australian Standard AS 5810-2010 ndipo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi Australiasian Bioplastics Association zitha kuvomerezedwa ndi logo ya ABA Home Composting.Australian Standard AS 5810-2010 imakhudza makampani ndi anthu omwe akufuna kutsimikizira zonena zawo kuti akugwirizana ndi Biodegradable Plastics yoyenera kupanga kompositi kunyumba.
Chizindikiro cha Home Composting chimawonetsetsa kuti zinthuzi ndi zinthu zizindikirika mosavuta komanso zinyalala za chakudya kapena zinyalala zomwe zili muzinthu zovomerezekazi zitha kupatulidwa mosavuta ndikupatutsidwa kutayira.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
Maziko a mayeso a DIN ndi muyezo wa NF T51-800 "Pulasitiki - Mafotokozedwe a mapulasitiki a compostable kunyumba". Ngati mankhwalawo apambana mayeso oyenerera, anthu angagwiritse ntchito chizindikiro cha "DIN Tested - Garden Compostable" pazinthu zoyenera komanso m'mawu anu akampani.Pakutsimikizira misika yaku Australia ndi New Zealand (Australasia) molingana ndi AS 5810 muyezo , DIN CERTCO imagwirizana ndi Australasian Bioplastics Association (ABA) ndi dongosolo la certification kumeneko.Mwachindunji kwa msika waku Britain, DIN imagwirizana ndi Renewable Energy Assurance Limited (REAL) ndi dongosolo la certification kumeneko malinga ndi NF T 51-800 ndi AS 5810.
Pamwambapa ndikuyambitsa mwachidule kwa chizindikiro chilichonse cha biodegradation certification.
Ngati pali vuto lililonse, chonde titumizireni.
Feel free to discuss with William: williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Kupaka kwa Biodegradable - HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-28-2023